Wikimedia. Until 1974, when the General Assembly began exempting a variety of retail stores and the operations of the agriculture, mining and manufacturing industries, most … The code was the result of work undertaken by Roger Ludlow, who, in 1646, set out to amend the preexisting Capital Laws of 1642, which were mostly borrowings from those of neighboring The name may derive from Samuel A. Peters’s General History of Connecticut (1781), which purported to list the stiff Sabbath regulations at New Haven, Connecticut; the work was printed on blue paper. Nor did it allow games to be scheduled for Sundays. There are exemptions, but those situations are rare and based on circumstance. In the United States, many states still have blue laws on the books, but simply ignore them. Blame the Puritans”. October 5, 2000, “Blue Laws”. The requirement to remain closed until noon was based on the desire to prevent commerce from competing with church attendance. Most off-premises alcohol sales were not permitted on Sundays until 2004. BOSTON — Massachusetts is one of two states that requires retail workers to be paid time-and-a-half on Sundays, a practice that could end under a bill that's advancing in the House. Stateside Staff, NPR. To measure that competition, they studied the large number of states that repealed their blue laws over the past 50 years. During the heyday of blue laws, only Alaska, Montana and Nevada were without Sunday closing statutes. Maine. Eventually it changed to require retailers to remain closed until noon on Sunday, and then restricted what items could be sold. Pernell Watson, Daily Press. States and in some cases counties banned the sale of housewares, appliances, decorations, tools, linens, and many other items. Peters' book popularized the term "blue laws", referring to laws restricting activities on Sunday. Filed by Rep. Mathew Muratore, the bill (H. 1752) would remove the time-and-a-half pay for workers at retail stores, the only industry subject to such a requirement. The so-called blue laws of Massachusetts are passing the way of the stocks and pillory. The law reads, in part, “Whoever wilfully kills pigeons upon, or frightens them … Frightening a pigeon. Massachusetts blue laws Restrictions on business openings on Sundays and holidays, also known as the Massachusetts blue laws, are enforced by the Attorney General's Fair Labor Division. Report, KFGO Fargo. if(typeof __ez_fad_position != 'undefined'){__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-u_s_history_com-medrectangle-3-0')}; Brought to you by Online Highways © 2021. Online, “Blue laws as old as the South”. Many prohibited the sale of alcohol on Sundays, though for most states the sale of alcohol both for on-premises consumption and packaged were gradually eased. September 29, 2002, “Sunday Sport Comes to Pennsylvania”. Library of Congress. Most states however continued to enforce liquor laws on Sunday which differed from the other six days of the week, and several continued to ban the sales of automobiles on Sunday (or Saturday, in some cases). Exceptions were made in 1990 for municipalities that were within 10 miles of the New Hampshire or Vermontborder. Most communities required merchants to rope off, barricade with signage, or otherwise signify items which were forbidden on Sunday. October 21, 2016, “The Puritan Experiment with Sumptuary Legislation”. §§ 41-3852-3863 (Rep. Vol. Mississippi’s blue laws prohibited the sale of alcohol on Sundays, in all its forms, except for on-premises consumption of beer. Subsequently, one may also ask, when was the blue law in effect? January 27, 2015, “John Winthrop: America’s Forgotten Founder”. —J.T., Somerville. Puritan church members in the Massachusetts Bay colony, and later, Congregationalists elsewhere in New England, believed that their contractual relationship with God required them to enforce proper behavior in their communities. Delaware. In several states one could purchase eggs, but not a pan in which to cook them. The Massachusetts General Court enacted the law, called the Indian Imprisonment Act, in 1675. Jewish businesses found Sunday laws particularly costly. Wikimedia. Effective July 15, 2008, all violations of Massachusetts wage and hour laws will be subject to mandatory treble (triple) damages, even when employers have acted in good faith and took reasonable steps to comply with wage payment laws. July 12, 2018. May 31, 1961, “ND stores to open Sunday morning after “blue law” ended Thursday”. ALA. CODE § 13-6-1 (1975); ARK. The first was found unconstitutional just five months after it was enacted. Mississippi long enforced Sunday closing laws in numerous communities, despite legal challenges to the laws. A dozen states still have some form of Sunday-closing laws on their books, vestiges of religiously inspired codes dating to the New England Pilgrims, who used to print them on blue paper. Additionally, when did the blue law end in Missouri? The blue laws … Pinterest. August 29, 1984, “Studies relaunch debate on further liberalization of shop opening hours”. The second law remained in effect until 1883. In 1881 in a Cincinnati Hotel, the owners of several teams formed a new league, which allowed each team to decide whether or not to sell alcohol in their respective ballparks (in accordance with community laws). Some counties in Florida prohibit alcohol and sex toy sales on Sundays and during certain hours of the day. NOW.. This is where you’ll end up if you dare to have your gorilla ride in the backseat. North Dakota became a state in 1889, and when it did nearly all businesses were required by law to remain closed on Sunday. So “blue” in this sense, would refer to the “high” morality of the laws. Most colonial edicts have gone the … Online. STAT. If you have questions about possible violations of these laws, please contact the Attorney General's Fair Labor Division at (617) 727-3465 . Gary North, Foundation for Economic Education. A few years later most businesses could open on the Sabbath, again not before noon. In several states electronics such as computers, calculators, radios, and televisions were banned. Miami University Library. Some such restrictions date to as early as the thirteenth century in England. By the 1950s 46 of the 48 states had blue laws which controlled commerce on Sunday, and only a few allowed some businesses to choose between closing on Saturday or Sunday. 9. Some argued that the same amount of spending would take place each week, stretched over seven days rather than six, but there would be an increase in operating costs by paying workers for an additional day. When counties and municipalities were allowed to choose wet or dry within the state, many elected to remain alcohol free. But as a matter of practicality it offered exemptions to liquor stores which were within ten miles of the New Hampshire and Vermont state lines. UPI, The New York Times. The vote was 12,312 in favor of repeal to 11,220 opposed. It was also called “river league”, a snide commentary on the perception of the lesser morals present along the riverfronts and docks in several of the participating cities. Massachusetts did not allow off-premises alcohol sales on Sunday until the 21st century either. Horse racing was banned on Sundays in many jurisdictions. In the 1920s there were many controversies over Sunday Closing or “Blue Laws.” See January 2, 1921 (when it was revealed that only California and Oregon did not have any such law). Blue Laws Hold Massachusetts and Rhode Island Back on Black Friday. Since 1992, alcohol sales have been allowed statewide from the Sunday prior to Thanksgiving until New Year's Day. Puritan church members in the Massachusetts Bay colony, and later, Congregationalists elsewhere in New England, believed that their contractual relationship with God required them to enforce proper behavior in their communities. Indiana. Many states blue laws did not allow the purchase of appliances on Sunday. Ken Sheldon, Yankee Magazine. Still, restrictions on Sunday sales remained in effect in many places, as part of state law as well as local laws. Blue laws are laws that prohibit certain types of activities on Sundays. Wikimedia. 2010, “The Crazy Quilt of Blue Laws”. Some Canadian communities restricted the availability of leisure activities on Sunday until well into the 1960s. This perceived requirement resulted in the enactment of a variety of laws designed to regulate the conduct of all members of society. The ban on Sunday automobile sales was continued, and alcohol sales were not allowed before noon on Sunday (though they could continue until 2.00 AM). 2004, “U.S. Florida. For example, the law in Kentucky making it illegal to work on Sunday (with, of course, certain exemptions) remained in effect in 2018, though it hadn’t been enforced for decades. Then it was extended to 1.p.m. Jan Howard, The Newtown Bee. (Massachusetts, for example, repealed its blue laws in 1994.) Online, “Awash in a Sea of Faith: Christianizing the American People”. Blue Laws. 1977); I’ve heard about Massachusetts’ blue laws, but where did they come from, and why are they blue? Wikimedia. Not all blue laws existed from colonial times. Edward O’Flaherty, Rodney L. Petersen, Timothy A. Norton. The law also continued the ban on the sale of alcohol on Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day, as well as establishing 6 PM as the latest hour alcohol could be sold on Christmas Eve. Blue Laws. Gradually the National League eased its restraints on Sunday play and beer sales and several teams in the AA defected to the older and more established “senior circuit”. Francis Bremer. While these laws have existed throughout American history, most people associate them with the late 1800s and the early 1900s, when the Progressives were a powerful group, seeking to reform … Answer: Welcome to Boston, J.T.! On February 20, 1923 a minister told people to obey the Sunday Closing law or leave the country. Until the 1990s in Great Britain, laws restricted the buying and selling of certain items on Sunday, and limited the types of stores and shops which could open for business. Pdf. The gun laws in Massachusetts are as queer as a 3 dollar bill. In 1896, Supreme Court Justice Stephen Johnson Field, opined with regard to Sunday blue laws: December 27, 1999. The 1961 decision by the Supreme Court acknowledged that the blue laws, in Maryland and elsewhere, were based in the religious control of colonial governments. In Toronto, theaters were dark on Sunday, and those wishing to see a play or take in a movie were forced to consider other forms of entertainment. Christian owned businesses generally opposed the choice, since they could permanently lose customers by closing on Sunday when Jewish-owned businesses were opened. Blue laws (Etyonline) Blue laws in the United States; Blue Laws/Sunday Closing Laws; Caldor’s Inc. v. Bedding Barn, Inc., 417 A.2d 343 (Conn. 1979) Etymology of Blue Laws; Fun Facts: Blue Laws of the USA – Part 1; Fun Facts: Blue Laws of the USA – Part 2; List of dry communities by U.S. state; McGowan v. Maryland, 366 U.S. 420 (1961) The argument from the clergy was that shopping was in danger of becoming a national obsession. Hawaii had blue laws when it was a territory, but not after it achieved statehood in 1959; the District of Columbia also had no blue laws. Canada’s Lord’s Day Act (1906) restricted business transacted on Sunday until it was found to be a violation of freedom of conscience in 1985. Article, Jewish Telegraphic Agency Archives. Email to a friend Permalink. The requirement is a holdover from a time when Massachusetts' "blue laws" ruled and the pace of life slowed one day a week. February 10, 2017, “No driving, liquor, or films: Michigan blue laws prevented secular activities on Sunday”. Blue laws, in nearly all cases, forced them to comply with the mandated Sunday closure as well. 23. 14 March 1963 . Ellen Debenport, UPI. It continued to enforce statewide prohibition until 1966. The first state to ratify the 18th Amendment, which imposed Prohibition as the law of the land in the United States, was Mississippi. Law Now Requires Triple Damages for Wage Violations. The case was argued before the California Supreme Court (Ex Parte Newman), which overturned the sentence of the merchant and the law. The law was finally rescinded in the 21st century, allowing stores to be open all day Sunday (including some 24-hour stores) throughout the state, at the discretion of the business owner. The tax revenues left the state with them. Blue law, in U.S. history, a law forbidding certain secular activities on Sunday. Anita Beatty-Hoffman, Sheperdstown Chronicle. Massachusetts also required retail workers be paid time and a half for Sunday labor, which was later repealed. Sunday liquor sale ban to end Romney to sign law lifting the prohibition. The profitability of Major League Baseball led to the easing of Sunday Blue laws in several eastern cities. August 3, 2019. August 6, 1984. The Department of Labor Standards has authority over the statewide approval of local permits allowing businesses to open on Columbus Day, … By the end of the 20th century most Sunday closing laws had been eased, though in the Bible Belt local communities continued to enforce them. Several states continued to restrict hunting on Sundays. 8. The league yielded to temperance pressure and did not allow alcohol consumption by fans attending the games. Online, “Sunday, Sabbath, and the Weekend: Managing Time in a Global Culture”. This means that the minimum wage such a worker can earn on a Sunday or holiday is $13.50 per hour. ANN. Depending on how far one wanted to travel, Sunday purchase of alcohol was possible in Massachusetts even while the law said it was not. Illinois. The annual event of the World Series began when the champions of the competing leagues played each other. 2003, “Blue Laws: When Puritan Values Were the Law”. Wikimedia. Some items of clothing could be purchased while others could not. There are currently 28 states with blue laws, and the laws vary by each state, and different … Twice the North Dakota law was challenged in the state’s Supreme Court, and twice the law was upheld. Resistance to repeal of most blue laws came primarily from the clergy, though before Sunday shopping became commonplace throughout most of the country many businessmen agreed with the religious leaders. Blue Laws By State 2020. “Blue Laws Were Meant to Keep Sunday Holy”. 1990, “The Beer and Whisky League: The Illustrated History of the American Association – Baseball’s Renegade Major League”. Denmark had strict laws banning trade on Sundays until 2012. Jon Butler. The labor laws in that state require employers to pay their employees an overtime rate of one and one half their base pay whenever they work more than 40 hours in a workweek. The court found, “In light of the evolution of our Sunday Closing Laws through the centuries, and of their more or less recent emphasis upon secular considerations, it is not difficult to discern that as presently written and administered, most of them, at least, are of a secular rather than of a religious character, and that presently they bear no relationship to establishment of religion”. Where did the term come from? Up until 2003, Delaware banned the sale of liquor on Sundays. The end of national Prohibition did not end it in Mississippi for many years. With respect to premium pay, the Massachusetts Blue Laws most commonly apply to retail workers. Supreme Court Upholds ‘Blue Laws’ Banning Trading on Sundays”. Florida. Blue Laws By State 2020. Several states banned Sunday car sales in the United States in the 1940s and 50s. Generally, if a retailer has more than 7 employees, the retailer must pay its workers premium pay for work done on a Sunday or Holiday. The state had banned alcohol within its boundaries a full decade earlier, in 1908. The legislation came at the height of King Philip's War, a … North Dakota lawmakers argued that women should be home cooking for their families on Sunday, rather than shopping, NPR. Massachusetts… The Blue Laws of the Colony of Connecticut are an invented set of harsh statutes governing conduct in the Puritan colony, listed in a history of Connecticut that was published in 1781 in London by the Reverend Samuel Peters, an Anglican who had been forced to leave America. Patrick J. Mahoney, Connecticut History. These laws are enforced by the Attorney General's Office. It was officially known as the American Association, but the league was referred to by supporters of the National League as the “beer and whisky league”. California’s blue laws gradually faded from disuse, as did the corresponding laws in many states, while others moved to enforce them more stringently. The exemptions showed an awareness that the good citizens of the Commonwealth would simply visit their northern neighbors for their Sunday purchases. Which states have blue laws? Massachusetts has laws on their books known as Blue Laws. David Nemec. Maryland. The Massachusetts Blue Laws control hours of operation for certain businesses and require some businesses to pay extra compensation (known as "premium pay") on Sundays and some legal holidays. Several states in the south had significant portions of them completely dry, while others had restrictions on Sunday sales. Since the law changed in 2004, off-premises sales are now allowed anywhere in the state, with local approval, after noon. I can buy beer until 9 but only hard liquor till 8 on sunday. New York Tribune commentary on Sunday laws. The repeal measure carried by a 1,092 vote margin. Several Georgia communities allowed Sunday sales in the 21st century, though the state mandated none before 12.30 in the afternoon, in deference to church services. In 1994 the law was changed, allowing large stores to open for six hours of trading within the hours of 10 AM and 6 PM. Library of Congress. Alcohol sales were also banned on Christmas day. Northern Ireland protected the Sabbath by prohibiting football played on Sunday until 2008 (Irish Football Association). After national repeal in 1933, the states had the choice of remaining dry or allowing alcohol to be bought and sold within them, and Mississippi chose the former. These laws may also include mandatory store closings on Sunday. Mississippi’s blue laws were linked to its temperance history. Up until 2003, Delaware banned the sale of liquor on Sundays. In its strictest sense, “blue law”* refers to an edict designed to regulate public activities on the Sabbath, which meant Sunday to the Congregationalists of that day. Cincinnati, Ohio, birthplace of the American Association, in the 1880s. 6. The argued that the day of rest represented by the Sabbath would become a stressful day, ignoring the fact that many people considered shopping a recreational activity. In both exceptions sales were not allowed before noon. Article, Encyclopedia of Arkansas. After a 200-year ban based in Puritan tradition, Massachusetts liquor stores will gain the freedom to remain open seven days a week year-round starting next week, when Governor Mitt Romney plans to sign into law a measure ending the longtime state prohibition on … Alexandra Scheele, Eurofound. Delaware. Two years later, the Blue Law was repealed in Cape County on Nov. 6, 1984. "That policy-driven change in state laws allowed us to identify secular competition, as opposed to interreligious competition, which had been studied before," Gruber says. Several teams defected. Unless that business was a car dealership or dispenser of alcohol. The term Blue Law was first mentioned in 1781, some decades after they existed. Retail alcohol sales remai… ... from old-fashioned games and candy to high end… An example of a law of this kind, which collectively have become known as “blue laws,” would be a law declaring that it shall be illegal to sell alcohol on Sundays. I hate both these states… and I hate them even more due to the fact that my pistol permit is basically useless. In the United States, judges have defended blue laws "in terms of their secular benefit to workers", holding that "the laws were essential to social well-being". It was used to convict and imprison a Jewish clothing merchant who closed his business on Saturday, and opened it on Sunday. J. Thomas Jable, Pennsylvania State University. They also decided to play games on Sunday afternoons. Online, “Blue laws? But it nonetheless found them constitutional. ... or puritanical. By Jenna Russell, Globe Staff, 11/23/2003. The term blue law commonly refers to the prohibition of alcohol sales on Sunday, but it historically defined a body of regulations designed to preserve the Sabbath by proscribing most labor on that day.. The blue laws across the country created a hodge-podge of what could or could not be bought by consumers on Sunday. In 1985 groceries were allowed to open on Sunday, but not until noon. California twice passed Sunday closing laws, in 1858 and in 1861. Blue laws which required the closing of businesses on Sundays were particularly hard on American Jews who observed the Sabbath on Saturdays, closing their businesses and suspending work. A song title which sums up the writers thoughts regarding Prohibition and blue laws. What states have blue laws? Online, “The Long, Ambiguous History of Connecticut’s Blue Laws”. In May of 1650, the General Court of Connecticut adopted what became known as the First Connecticut Code. Once Prohibition was repealed, states established blue laws to restrict and control the sale of alcohol within their boundaries. The end of national Prohibition did not end it in Mississippi for many years. It has, along with most of the rest of the nation, gradually yielded to the demands of citizens for more freedom to shop on Sundays. In common parlance, the term blue law was expanded to include several different areas of behavior: June 1, 1974. Online, “The Old Blue Laws of Maryland”. Under the "blue laws" of the 1700s, the punishments could be invoked for simple misdeeds ranging from shuffleboard to skipping church. The first state to ratify the 18 th Amendment, which imposed Prohibition as the law of the land in the United States, was Mississippi. In 1876 the National League of Professional Base Ball Clubs was formed, with teams representing Chicago, Philadelphia, Boston, Hartford, New York, St. Louis, Cincinnati, and Louisville. 1961 .
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